FF Pictures GmbH | Florian Friedrich
How many pixels are needed ? FGRD* - Calculator
Please edit the values below so they match your requirement.

1


Result: Resolution needed for indistinguishable pixels in 16:9 images
FGRD = 7512 horizontal pixels


* FGRD
FGRD is an acronym for Florian's Geeky Resolution Demand
This is an updated formula for how many pixels we need on a display in order to make the pixel structures indistinguishable.
In order to find out how many pixels are neeed, we need to respect the Field of View the display is occupying, our individual visual acuity, proper sampling according to shannon-nyquist and at least a mild diagonal factor to respect the geometrical limitations of square-shaped pixels.

Notes on Field of View (FOV)
For watching a movie, the ideal distance to any screen should be based on theater recommendations. About 45 degrees FOV is similar to a center seat in a theater.
If you sit 2.5x the Picture Height away from your 16:9 TV, your FOV equals 44.4 degrees. Sitting 4x the Picture Height away, the FOV equals 28.6 degrees.
A detailed overview with absolute distances in meters and feet is provided by our Viewing Distance and FOV calculator.

Notes on Human Visual Acuity (VAq)
Human visual acuity is considered normal at visus 1.0 or 20/20 vision.
Please note that visus 1.0 or 20/20 vision is not the best vision obtainable, it's just an average vision that was determined on 50-60 year old patients.
Many healthy children can obtain Visus 1.33 or 20/15 vision.
Healthy vision can be Visus 2.0 or 20/10 vision, but that is very rare.

Notes on Nyquist Factor (Ni)
According to the Nyquist-Shannon theorem, the sampling frequency for any signal should be at least twice as high as the highest signal frequency.
If Nyquist-Shannon is not respected, you'll encounter Aliasing Effects, which are visible as flickering details or jagged edges.
0.5 is a recommended but still moderate Nyquist Factor. If you want to be on the safe side for avoiding any sorts of aliasing-effects, you may choose a lower number between 0.25 and 0.5.

Notes on Diagonal Factor (DiaF)
The square pixel structure of a display results in a grid where diagonal distances are more extended than horizontal or vertical ones. Increasing distances means decreasing resolution.
The shortest diagonal structure on a screen is a diagonal in between two pixels (45° angle). If the diagonal structure is closer to the horizontal or vertical axis, this Diagonal Factor becomes even higher, since many pixels are skipped until the next column/row gets an appropriate signal.
1.41 is a recommended factor, but if you want to be on the safe side for not seeing any jagged edges without compromises in the sharpness of the edge, you may use higher numbers up to a relevant maximum of about 2.82.


Notes on 8K
Please see this detailed article on 8K, which also includes Demo material for free download and a lot of additional insights.
8K may provide clearly visible benefits even at normal viewing distances. FF Pictures is an early adopter of the 8K technology, providing software tools as well as production and post-production services for 8K.


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